> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://www.narev.ai/docs/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# ILS or localizer approach to Sydney runway 16R

> ILS or localizer approach to Sydney runway 16R.

## Set up the approach

Tune **IKS ILS/DME, 109.5 MHz**, with final course **155°**. The ILS requires **DME or GNSS**; a localizer-only approach requires **DME**. The chart also identifies **SY DME, 112.1 MHz**.

The initial profile altitude is **3,000 ft**. **URDEN** is at **11.4 IKS DME / 11.2 NM from the threshold**. During PRM operations, expect to intercept the localizer **at least 6 NM before URDEN, at 3,000 ft**.

Follow the **3° glidepath** through **IGALA**, at **5.3 IKS DME / 5.2 NM from the threshold**, with a path altitude of **1,700 ft**. These distance pairs are reproduced as printed. Reference datum height is **52 ft**.

**Aircraft near taxiway A1 can cause false glidepath indications.**

## Speeds and holding

Cross **URDEN at no more than 185 kt indicated airspeed** and **IGALA at no less than 150 kt**. ATC approach speed ranges are **160–185 kt at URDEN** and **150–160 kt at IGALA**. Holding is as advised by ATC.

## Glidepath descent checks

These are altitudes on the **3° ILS glidepath**, referenced to **IKS DME**.

| DME distance | Path altitude |
| - | - |
| 9.4 NM | 3,000 ft |
| 9 NM | 2,870 ft |
| 8 NM | 2,560 ft |
| 7 NM | 2,240 ft |
| 6.3 NM | 2,020 ft |
| 5.3 NM | 1,700 ft |
| 5 NM | 1,600 ft |
| 4.8 NM | 1,540 ft |
| 4 NM | 1,280 ft |
| 3 NM | 960 ft |
| 2.1 NM | 680 ft |
| 2 NM | 650 ft |
| 1.5 NM | 500 ft |

## Localizer-only descent

Observe these minimum altitudes until reaching each step-down point. They are separate from the glidepath check values.

| Segment ending at | Minimum altitude on the segment |
| - | - |
| 6.3 IKS DME | 2,000 ft |
| 5.3 IKS DME | 1,700 ft |
| 4.8 IKS DME | 1,500 ft |
| 2.1 IKS DME | 600 ft |

After the last step-down point, observe the localizer minimum descent altitude below. The localizer missed approach point is **1.1 IKS DME**.

The profile labels the localizer missed approach point as **0.9 NM before the threshold**. Other printed DME/threshold pairs are **6.3 / 6.2 NM**, **4.8 / 4.6 NM**, and **2.1 / 1.9 NM**. Use the DME restrictions as specified; the printed pairs do not all use one uniform offset.

## Straight-in minima

These minima apply to categories **A, B, C and D/DL**. Runway visual range (**RVR**) is in metres.

| Approach | Minimum altitude | Published height | Visibility / RVR |
| - | - | - | - |
| ILS Category I | Decision altitude 210 ft | 203 ft above threshold | 0.8 km / 550 m RVR |
| Localizer | Minimum descent altitude 500 ft | 493 ft above threshold | 2.0 km |

## Missed approach

Track **155°**. At **600 ft**, turn **right** onto track **170°**. Climb to **3,000 ft**, or as directed by ATC.

## Parallel approaches

Sydney has **closely spaced parallel runways**. Simultaneous approaches are authorized with runway **16L** under the [precision runway monitoring instructions](https://www.narev.ai/docs/irl-gym/airports/sydney/charts/precision-runway-monitoring.md). **Dual VHF communications are required during PRM operations**. Transmit on tower and monitor both tower and PRM frequencies listed below. Aircraft may be radar vectored to final approach.

## Circling and alternate minima

Do not circle **beyond 3 DME from SY, east of runway 16R and north of runway 25**. This restriction uses **SY DME**, not the approach DME reference.

| Category | Circling minimum altitude | Height above aerodrome | Visibility |
| - | - | - | - |
| A and B | 790 ft | 769 ft | 2.4 km |
| C | 1,000 ft | 979 ft | 4.0 km |
| D/DL | 1,000 ft | 979 ft | 5.0 km |

| Category | Alternate ceiling | Alternate visibility |
| - | - | - |
| A and B | 1,269 ft | 4.4 km |
| C | 1,479 ft | 6.0 km |
| D/DL | 1,479 ft | 7.0 km |

The chart also prints a **special alternate minimum of 700 ft / 2.5 km**.

## Frequencies

All frequencies are MHz.

| Service | Frequency |
| - | - |
| ATIS | 118.55 |
| Approach north | 124.4 |
| Approach south | 128.3 |
| Director east | 125.3 |
| Director west | 126.1 |
| PRM | 119.45 |
| Tower | 120.5 |
| Surface movement east of runway 16R/34L | 121.7 |
| Surface movement west of runway 16R/34L | 126.5 |

## Terrain and chart conventions

Use **QNH**. Bearings are magnetic, with **13° east** variation. Altitudes and elevations are feet above mean sea level unless identified as radio-altimeter readings or heights. The map scale is **1:500,000**. Aerodrome elevation is **21 ft**; runway 16R threshold elevation is **7 ft**.

The **25 NM minimum sector altitude is 2,700 ft** and the **10 NM minimum sector altitude is 2,100 ft**, centred on the **YSSY aerodrome reference point**.

The map labels obstacle and spot elevations of **160, 190, 250, 255, 259, 299, 306, 320, 385, 389, 421, 430, 545, 641, 659, 677, 684, 725, 755, 887, 894, 1,001, 1,074 and 1,085 ft**. Their geographic placement still requires a complete text description.

The map also labels nearby aerodrome **YSBK**.

Chart **SSYII11-187**, revised **9 July 2026**, from the fixed publication cycle effective **3 September 2026**.

Source: © Airservices Australia, [Departure and Approach Procedures](https://www.airservicesaustralia.com/aip/current/dap/), SSYII11-187.


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